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3/23/2011

Solving Startup and Shut-down Issues

Buy a Mac... Problem Solved! Really...

Your PC won't boot up and you can't figure out why! You are feeling
sick to your stomach with this troubling scenario (as it becomes so
nightmarish) when you realize you have not backed up your data (and
now Windows won't even wake up). Shutdown issues can be just
as frustrating. It appears Windows is shutting down properly and
then it hits a snag and freezes; there are few things worse (or
common) in the computing world than a comatose Windows system.

Issue: Windows Freezes at Startup

First you'll need to determine if it's a Windows issue or a hardware
issue. Again, ask yourself if you've recently added any new
hardware or software. Disconnect any newly added hardware and
try booting up your PC again. Also, you may want to try booting into
safe mode; if you can get into safe mode, then at least you've the
option of backing up your data. If your PC freezes before the
Windows splash screen appears, open up your computer's case
and check to make sure that all your cables are fastened securely,
especially the cables connecting your hard drive to your PC's
motherboard and power supply.

Issue: PC Reboots When It Should Shutdown

This annoying error usually occurs when there is a serious system
failure during the shutdown process. Windows attempts to handle
this by simply rebooting the system, but the user is left with the
impression that Windows is confused, that it forgot the difference
between shutting down and rebooting. What does one do when
faced with a baffling situation such as this?

Simply rebooting when faced with a system failure when shutting
down isn't really helpful, as the user is completely left in the dark as
to the cause of the error. The first troubleshooting step is to
deactivate the reboot/system failure action.
This is easy to do.

From the Start menu select Run and type in "sysdm.cpl" minus the
quotes in the Run dialog box. On the ensuing dialog box, select the
Advanced tab and the settings button located under Startup and
Recovery; next, un-check Automatically restart.
Now, this will
prevent the reboots from occurring at shutdown, but ultimately it
won't rectify the system failure problem you're experiencing. At the
very least, Windows may display a helpful error message so that
you can get at the root of the problem and get your PC back to
normal.

Did you recently install new hardware or software drivers to control
said hardware? Buggy software drivers and newly installed
hardware are notorious for crippling a system at boot/shutdown
time. Go step by step, removing any new hardware or software
that you think may be causing the problem. Once you narrow down
the culprit, check (on Google) to see if other users are having the
same issues.

Eliminating Windows Startup Password Requirement

If you're the only one using your PC, then typing in a password at
startup can get a little annoying. Windows has the login/pass word
option to protect users' files when multiple users use the same
PC. Your personal files should be for your eyes only, but this
becomes unnecessary no one else uses your computer.

It's easy to turn off the password feature. Pull up the Run dialog
box, type in "control userpasswords2" minus the quotes and hit
enter. In the dialog box that appears, un-check "Users must enter
a user name and password to use this computer". After hitting
OK or Apply, Windows will ask you which user you'd like to be
automatically logged in; you only need to enter your login and
password only once. After this, Windows will no longer ask for a
password when you log in.

8:29 am edt          Comments

3/18/2011

Emergency Laptop Support

Most IT Services
companies and resellers offer service options when you buy a
laptop/notebook from them. If you buy your system from an office supply store,
retail outlet or internet supplier, make sure you purchase the coverage most of
them offer through insurance.

What can you expect to pay for this on-the-go insurance? For $175 to $575,
Lenovo offers ThinkPlus EasyServ warranty repair services. The company will
even pick up the system and return it once it's repaired. Service takes an
average of five business days.

Hewlett-Packard offers similar coverage through HP Total Care, which is handled
by its 
network of IT service providers and resellers. It promises notebook repairs
in three to five days, at an average cost of $460 for three year. This may seem
steep but it pays off when you have an unexpected disaster with no idea of where
to turn.

Knowing how to get help when your laptop/notebook takes ill should be an
important check-off item during the purchase process. Here are some options
from five leading notebook companies, and some noteworthy (emergency),
independent technicians.


Vendor Support


Apple: Call or visit apple.com/retail/genius bar to find a service location near you
with technicians standing by.
(800) MY-APPLE

Dell: Dell CompleteCare Accidental Damage Service covers accidental damage
associated with everyday use or a drop/fall.
(800) WWW-DeLL

Hewlett-Packard: Notebooks come with one-year warranty support. HP Total
Care, priced about $460, extends coverage for three years for accidental
damage, including pick-up and drop-off. Repairs are made in three to five
business days, not including shipping time.
(866) 234-1377

Lenovo: ThinkPlus EasyServ repair service ranges from $175 to $575,
depending on options, and includes pick-up and drop-off. Allow an average
of five business days.
(800) 426-7378

Toshiba: Toshiba's Notebook Depot repair service is part of the standard
warranty on its notebooks. You can extend service for three years through
SystemGuard for about $279; ServiceExpress (starting at $49) will expedite
your repair; and On-Site Repair (starting at $249) will send a Toshiba
technician to you.
(800) 457-7777
 

Emergency Full Service Support


iRepairLaptops.com:
Mail-in repair service; offers diagnostic quote for about
$50 and LCD replacements for about $300; handles a range of major brands
irepairlaptops.com 
(316) 425-0075

Laptop Rescue: Mail-in repairs completed by technicians qualified to service
all brands, including Apple; repair services range from $49 to $149, plus parts;
offers 
free upfront repair quote and can complete repairs in one to two days
laptoprescue.com 
(800) 574-7642

Laptop Service:  Mail-in repair service center certified to repair systems from
Apple, Dell, Compaq/HP, IBM/Lenovo, Panasonic, Sony and Toshiba; offers free
laptop repair estimates
laptopservice.com 
(888) 676-3131

PC Laptops (Las Vegas and Utah): Regional IT consultants that specialize in
building notebooks and desktops; will repair any major notebook 
brand at any of
its nine locations; certified to represent Intel and Microsoft technology; mail-in
laptop service not offered
pclaptops.com 
(877) 596-SAVE

PC Service: Mail-in service certified to represent major notebook brands with
24-hour turnaround; offers warranties on new parts
pcservice.com 
(877) 622-3473

SparePartsWarehouse: Mail-in repair service center that promises one-day
repair turnaround after authorization (which takes up to three days); can handle
Apple, Compaq/HP, IBM/Lenovo, Sony and Toshiba
sparepartswarehouse.com(877) 253-8898
4:12 am edt          Comments

3/11/2011

Laptop/Notebook Quick Fixes

Most people do not have access to military grade laptops built for a rugged
lifestyle. When one of my clients recently found himself in a hotel room far from
home with a notebook that refused to power on, he knew this would happen
sooner or later.

The laptops very nature means they'll usually need to endure long road trips, an
occasional spillage from all sorts of liquids, and a drop at least once or twice
in their lifetime. Because today's laptops are getting smaller and thinner, many
users believe that when something goes wrong, their only course is to take it in
to me (and my great service and prices) or another professional for an overpriced
fix. Sometimes this is the case; but sometimes one can save money with a little
initiative and elbow grease. Read on to learn how to fix the most common laptop
issues at home.

Drying Out a Wet Laptop

I cringe when I watch people with liquid (a formidable foe for any computer) next
to their laptop as they work. Count the number of times you have a glass of water
or a can of soda by your laptop's side and you'll understand why spilling liquids
on laptops is such a common occurrence. First off, be warned that sugary liquids
usually spells doom for computers. The sugar eats away at hardware
components. But if you've simply spilled water over your hardware, there may be
a silver lining, as it's possible to dry out a waterlogged laptop.

The first thing you need to do is take out all your laptop's removable components
--hard drive, battery, optical drive, etc. Tilt your laptop on its side to drain out as
much of the water as you can. Your lappy's air vents will also act as drainage
points. Next, blow a can of compressed air on our laptop's internals to get it as
dry as possible. Allow your machine to sit next to a heater or fan for overnight to
further dry it out. Finally, when you're sure it's as dry as it's going to get, cross your
fingers, and power it up. If your laptop remains moribund, it might be time to
purchase a new laptop.

Keyboard Repair/Replacement

A common annoyance is a defunct laptop key. Try typing an e-mail without the use
if your "E" or "A" key; it's far from fun. If you're lucky, you can get replacement
keys for your laptop (MacBooks, for instance, the Cadillac of laptops) but they
usually cost $9 USD per key. A full keyboard only costs a little more, so you're
better off just replacing the whole thing.

Depending on your laptop, the procedures vary for removing the stock keyboard.
Some laptops have a locking bar that needs to be lifted before you can take out
the keyboard. Others require that you take out several screws before the 
keyboard can be unseated. Consult your laptop's manual. Once the keyboard has
been loosened, detach the ribbon cable used to connect it to the laptop's
internals. Plug the ribbon cable to the new keyboard and lock it in place. Be sure
that you test out all the keys before you celebrate. Easy as cake.


Cracked Laptop Case

Unless you have a military-grade laptop or are extremely careful, a couple high
altitude drops on a laptop's corner will probably put a pretty good crack in the
case. If the drop is severe enough, a chunk can even be taken out of your shiny
laptop. Ouch!

Repairing cracks in your notebook's case requires epoxy putty to use as a filler.
You can get epoxy putty at any hardware store and it usually sells for about $6
USD a tube. A caveat: avoid the quick-setting type of putty, as it may harden
before you're done with your fix. Make sure that the crack portion is free of any
debris. The putty comes in two components wrapped around each other like a
double helix. Cut a small piece off and mash the two components together. The
mixture of the two components induces a chemical reaction that'll harden the
epoxy. If you have sensitive skin, you may want to wear protective gloves before
entwining the two epoxy pieces. When the epoxy turns gray it's time to apply to
your laptop's case.

Apply the putty to the cracked part and work it in. Use something flat (an
expired card, a ruler, etc.) to level the putty so it's not obvious. Wait an hour
or two for the putty to dry. Next, you can use sandpaper to smooth out the dried
putty out and apply model paint so the repaired section is not so glaring.


Polishing a Scratched Screen


Scratches running across your laptop's screen can be distracting, especially in
bright light where the scratches are even more noticeable. Did you know that
minor scratches can be polished out with common toothpaste? That's right!
Toothpaste!


First off, be sure that you're using actual toothpaste and not the gel. The gel
toothpaste stripe doesn't contain the necessary abrasives that are needed to
smooth out the screen scratches.


Gently rub the toothpaste in small circles over the scratches. Remember, be
gentle; you don't want to wear away your laptop's protective screen coating. After
you've gotten most of the scratches out (this fix isn't 100% corrective) use a
non-ammonia-based window clearer found at most grocery stores to finish it off.


Damaged Charger Cords


Laptop charger cords certainly take a lot of abuse. They get curled up, packed
away, pulled this way and that; is it any wonder why they get frayed out and out
of whack? Luckily, a charger cord that's coming undone is super easy to fix. For
this fix, you'll need silicone sealant and painter's tape. If you have sensitive
skin, protective gloves will protective you from any discomfort.


A quick fix is to roll electrical tape around the damaged portion of the cord,
but a more permanent solution is to use silicone sealant, which can be purchased
from any hardware store. First off, lay down a piece of painter's tape (sticky
side down) to protect your working surface. Place the cord on it and squeeze out
the sealant over the damaged part. The cool thing about the painter's tape is
that the sealant won't stick to it and it peels off easily once you're finished.
Allow the silicone sealant to dry for about two hours before using.


Malfunctioning Fan


Computer's that use fans to cool them off are essential. Without a way to cool
your laptop's important components--CPU, hard drives, video card, et al.--things
will burn up and you and your laptop will be none too happy. A malfunctioning
fan can also be very noisy. A DIY fan repair is not hard at all. Before you got
out and get a new fan, see if you can fix it first.


A can of compressed air goes a long way. The thin straw that comes with these
cans can get into your hardware's tight crevices to clean out any debris and
dust that may have accumulated on your laptop's fan, diminishing its efficiency.
Stick the straw inside one of your laptop's vents and squeeze the trigger on the
can to give a good burst of air. You may even want to open up your laptop to
give it a better cleaning inside. Some laptops give you access to their internals
by removing the keyboard. Consult your computer's manual. Take a look at the
internal fans; see if you can lift some of the grime and dust that may have
collected. Give it a spin with your finger. If you still hear the noise or if the fan's
blades resist, it may be time for a replacement.

Insurance

Finally, whether you check your e-mail on the toilet, or drink beers while you surf
the net, consider the rough-and-tumble nature of your systems life and know how
to get help when your notebook takes ill. An important check-off item during the
purchase process is to check what most IT services companies and resellers
will offer as reasonable service options when you buy a notebook/laptop from
them. If you're buying your system from an internet or retail office supply store,
make sure the manufacturer has things covered.


If you have a laptop that is old and you want to get a new one, trade your old one
with cashforlaptops.com.

1:18 am est          Comments

3/4/2011

Mac OS X Attack


In 2008 Security Vendor Sophos predicted Macs would increasingly come under
malware attack. Although there
Have been attacks, it is still a rare occurrence in
relation to the attacks that occur on Windows platforms. In Feb
2011, they are
reporting the discovery of a new OS X backdoor Trojan which they have labeled
as
OSX/MusMinim-A.
 

The malware, however, identifies itself as BlackHole RAT (Remote Access
Trojan) and is a variant of a similar
RAT Trojan known as darkComet, which
targets Windows operating systems. The malware runs with the
Privileges of the
user who is logged in. The primary delivery modes are through pirated software,
downloads a
nd torrent sites. It can also gain access through vulnerabilities in your
browser, plug-ins and other applications.

 
Sophos reports that the Trojan could send arbitrary shell commands to an infected
Mac OS X machine or send
A fake administrator password pop up in an effort to
trick the user into giving up their administrator password.
Additionally, BlackHole
RAT could also send a restart, shutdown, or sleep command to an infected
desktop.
 

The user privileges allow it (The Trojan) to delete, copy or extract any files the user
has access to. Additionally,
Fake escalated privileges dialog are available (if you
provided your password) to the attacker which they can use t
o gain root access
through the remote shell access in the Trojan.

 
System patching on the Mac OS X is probably one of the most important aspects
of protecting the platform from
Drive-by downloads and other vulnerabilities.

 
 
Attackers rely on insecure web servers and unpatched add-ons (in the client
browser). Among the most targeted
Browser Add-ons are Oracle's Java as well
as Adobe Flash and PDF
.

 Security vendor Symantec has also warned of Mac malware in the past, and
Sophos is now reporting several
Pieces of Mac malware every week (twice what
was reported one year ago).

 
The bulk of the Mac Trojans are shell scripts that are aware of where OS X stores
its ‘configs’ and ‘data’, in
Contrast to where Linux or  FreeBSD stores.
  Symantec Norton Logo
5:33 am est          Comments


Archive Newer | Older

Q. How do I avoid rogue antispyware and antivirus software?

 

A. Make sure you 'Choose Industry Certified "Security Program" Solutions'!

 

If your PC is connected to the internet, uses e-mail, has software of an unknown 

origin installed and comes into contact with recordable media (jump drives, dvd's,

cd's, etc) Antispyware and Antivirus protection is a requirement. They help prevent

attacks through e-mail (and/or attachments sent with e-mail) and surfing the web.

They also help you eradicate infections which are the result of security holes and

bugs in software. (The e-mail, web surfing and software holes and bugs result in

the most serious internet attacks).

 

One way to know you're purchasing a trustworthy application is to confirm that

the program you choose has earned certification from the leading labs.

     

Industry certification from ICSA Labs, Virus Bulletin, West Coast Labs, the National

Association of Specialist Computer Retailers, and others all require antispyware/

antivirus programs to meet stringent requirements to receive certification.

     

 

Norton Student Store

 Smartphone and Tablet

Tips to create a safe passcode.

    

Smartphones and tablets open the door to your Work, friends, family, bank details, etc... No matter which device you use, follow these tips to keep your data secure.

 

1. Always use a passcode.    If someone gets hold of your device, the person has immediate access to your apps and  data.

    

2. Make your passcode difficult to guess.      Codes such as 1234 or 2580 can be cracked in seconds. Go for something that’s unique but easy for you to remember.

     

3. Longer is stronger.       The longer the passcode, the harder it is to crack. Make yours a minimum of six digits. 

     

4. Mix numbers and letters.      If your device allows, use a passcode that combines numbers, letters and punctuation. Avoid dictionary words and choose a memorable combination.

      

5. Make it unique.      Don’t use the same passcode for anything else, including other devices, bank cards or online accounts. That way, if one passcode gets hacked the rest stay secure.

      

6. Be discreet.      Look around and make sure no one is watching you enter your passcode, just as you would protect your PIN at the ATM machine.

      

Q.   What steps need to be taken to secure mobile devices (smartphones) for

       personal/work phones and tablets.  

A.     Follow these steps to secure your mobile devices.
       
         1. Secure your device
            
             a.   Always lock it
             b.   Apply a complex passcode
             c.   Shield your passcode
             d.   Apply the latest patches
   
         2. Prevent Malware Infections
            
             a.   Don't click on unsolicited links
             b.   Think before downloading apps
             c.    Don't "jailbreak" or "root" your mobile
     
         3. Be data aware
            
             a.   Be careful what you share
             b.   Encrypt sensitive data
     
         4. Stay compliant
            
             a.   Know and follow your organizations
                   security policies

                      

Q. Do you have an example of an Organizational 'Mobile Device Security Policy'
        
A. Here is EZMobilePC's policy. 
          

1.       Introduction

Mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablet computers, are important tools for the

organization and their use is supported to achieve business goals. 

However, mobile devices also represent a significant risk to information security and

data security as, if the appropriate security applications and procedures are not applied,

they can be a conduit for unauthorized access to the organization’s data and IT

infrastructure.  This can subsequently lead to data leakage and system infection.

EZMoblePC has a requirement to protect its information assets in order to safeguard

its customers, intellectual property and reputation. This document outlines a set of

practices and requirements for the safe use of mobile devices.

 2.       Scope

1.         All mobile devices, whether owned by EZMoblePC or owned by employees, that have

    

       access to corporate networks, data and systems, not including corporate IT-managed

     

            laptops. This includes smartphones and tablet computers.

2.         Exemptions: Where there is a business need to be exempted from this policy

       (too costly, too complex, adversely impacting other business requirements) a risk

            assessment must be conducted being authorized by security management.

3.       Policy -     Technical Requirements

1.       Devices must use the following Operating Systems: Android 2.2 or later, iOS 4.x or later.

    

2.       Devices must store all user-saved passwords in an encrypted password store.

    

3.       Devices must be configured with a secure password that complies with EZMoblePC's

     

       password policy.  This password must not be the same as any other credentials used

     

       within the organization.

    

4.       With the exception of those devices managed by IT, devices are not allowed to be

    

             connected directly to the internal corporate network.

3.1  User Requirements 
     

1.       Users must only load data essential to their role onto their mobile device(s).

    

2.       Users must report all lost or stolen devices to EZMoblePC IT immediately.

      

3.       If a user suspects that unauthorized access to company data has taken place

      

       via a mobile device, they must report the incident in alignment with EZMoblePC’s

       

       incident handling process.

      

4.       Devices must not be “jailbroken”* or have any software/firmware installed which

       

       is designed to gain access to functionality not intended to be exposed to the user.

      

5.       Users must not load pirated software or illegal content onto their devices.

       

6.       Applications must only be installed from official platform-owner approved sources.

      

       Installation of code from un-trusted sources is forbidden.  If you are unsure if an

      

       application is from an approved source contact EZMoblePC IT.

      

7.       Devices must be kept up to date with manufacturer or network provided patches. 

       

       As a minimum patches should be checked for weekly and applied at least once a month.

       

8.       Devices must not be connected to a PC which does not have up to date and enabled

      

       anti-malware protection and which does not comply with corporate policy.

        

9.       Devices must be encrypted in line with EZMoblePC’s compliance standards.

        

10.   Users may must be cautious about the merging of personal and work email accounts on

        

       their devices.  They must take particular care to ensure that company data is only sent

         

       through the corporate email system. If a user suspects that company data has been sent

        

       from a personal email account, either in body text or as an attachment, they must notify

          

       EZMoblePC IT immediately.

          

11.   (If applicable to your organization) Users must not use corporate workstations to backup

       or synchronize device content such as media files, unless such content is required for

             legitimate business purposes. 

*To jailbreak a mobile device is to remove the limitations imposed by the manufacturer. 

This gives access to the operating system, thereby unlocking all its features and enabling

the installation of unauthorized software.

            

Q. What is the first thing I should do when I turn on my computer.

 

A. Back up important files
     

If you follow these tips, you're more likely to be free of interference from hackers,

     

viruses, and spammers. But no system is completely secure. If you have important

     

files stored on your computer, copy them onto a removable disc or an external

       

hard drive, and store it in a safe place.

    

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Q. How do I protect my password?

 

 A. Protect your passwords
     
Keep your passwords in a secure place, and out of plain sight. Don't share them
      
on the Internet, over email, or on the phone. Your Internet Service Provider (ISP)
       
should never ask for your password. In addition, hackers may try to figure out your
       
passwords to gain access to your computer. To make it tougher for them:
 
                               Use passwords that have at least eight characters and include numbers or symbols.
      
                The longer the password, the tougher it is to crack. A 12-character password is
        
                stronger than one with eight characters.
 
               Avoid common word: some hackers use programs that can try every word in the
     
                            dictionary.
 
               Don't use your personal information, your login name, or adjacent keys on the
      
                            keyboard as passwords.
 
               Change your passwords regularly (at a minimum, every 90 days).
      
               Don't use the same password for each online account you access.
                              
                    

Q. What steps need to be taken when setting up Wireless Home Network Security.

      

1) Change Default Administrator Passwords (and Usernames)

       

                     

Changing the default password is important because everyone that purchases the same

  

Wireless access device, knows your password.

 

2) Turn on (Compatible) WPA / WEP Encryption

         

By default, your Wireless device comes without the encryption enables. WPA / WEP are

  

security programs that forced your computer to provide an encrypted password before

  

you are allowed access to the wireless access point.

  

3) Change the Default SSID

       

SSID is the network name of your wireless network; most people leave the default name,

  

such as, Linksys or NetGear. By changing the name, intruders have a more difficult time

    

identifying your system and use known vulnerabilities. (And of course, use the unchanged

  

default password.) One mistake people make is naming their home network their family

  

name and or address. When cruising a neighborhood of wireless devices, its always

  

scary to see Bobsnet444.

  

4) Disable SSID Broadcast

             

In Wi-Fi networking, the access point or router typically broadcasts the network name

  

(SSID) over the air at regular intervals. This feature was designed for businesses and

  

mobile hotspots where Wi-Fi clients may come and go. In the home, this feature is

  

unnecessary, and it increases the likelihood an unwelcome neighbor or hacker will try to

  

log in to your home network.

  

5) Assign Static IP Addresses to Devices

                 

Most home networkers gravitate toward using dynamic IP addresses. This means that

  

the IP Address, (the IP Address is needed to participate on a network.) is typically

    

assigned automatically. A dynamic IP address on an unsecure system can also supply

  

a hacker with a IP Address.

  

6) Enable MAC Address Filtering

            

Each piece of Wi-Fi gear possesses a unique identifier called the "physical address"

  

or "MAC address." Access points and routers keep track of the MAC addresses of all

  

devices that connect to them. Many such products offer the owner an option to key in the

  

MAC addresses of their home equipment that restricts the network to only allow

    

connections from those devices. Do this, but also know that the feature is not so powerful

  

as it may seem. Hacker software programs can fake MAC addresses easily.

  

7) Turn Off the Network During Extended Periods of Non-Use

               

The ultimate in security measures for any wireless network is to shut down, or turn office

  

your wireless access point when you are not using. You are the most vulnerable at work

  

or asleep, and mischief minded people know it.

  

8) Position the Router or Access Point Safely

                

Wi-Fi signals normally reach to the exterior of a home. A small amount of "leakage"

  

outdoors is not a problem, but the further this signal reaches, the easier it is for others

  

to detect and exploit. Wi-Fi signals often reach across streets and through neighboring

  

homes. When installing a wireless home network, the position of the access point or

  

router determines it's reach. Try to position these devices near the center of the home

    

rather than near windows to minimize this leakage.

   

   
Q: What are the first security steps I should take before I connect my computer to the internet?

  
A:    Practices Before You Connect a New Computer to the Internet
 
We advise home users to download and install software patches
   
as soon as possible after connecting a new computer to the
  
Internet. However, since the background intruder scanning activity
   
is constant, it may not be possible for the user to complete the
   
download and installation of software patches before the vulner-
   
abilities they are trying to fix are exploited. We recommend the
   
following actions 'before' connecting computers to the Internet so
      
that users can complete the patching process without incident.

 General Guidance and Operating-System-specific steps.

      

 

test

   
Q. Are there any references you can recommend?
   
 A. References:

A.   Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT)

 

B.   Microsoft Windows

C.   Apple Macintosh OSX

D.   Linux

   

Q. How do I keep my system up to date once I go online.

 

A. Keep your operating system and Web browser Up-to-Date, and learn about
  
their security features.
 
Hackers also take advantage of Web browsers (like Firefox or Internet Explorer)
     
and operating system software (like Windows or Mac's OS) that don't have the
   
latest security updates. Operating system companies issue security patches for
    
flaws that they find in their systems, so it's important to set your operating system
     
and Web browser software to download and install security patches automatically.
    
In addition, you can increase your online security by changing the built-in security
   
and privacy settings in your operating system or browser. Check the "Tools" or
    
"Options" menus to learn how to upgrade from the default settings. Use your "Help"
    
function for more information about your choices.
   
   
If you're not using your computer for an extended period, disconnect it from the
    

Internet. When it's disconnected, the computer doesn't send or receive information

    

from the Internet and isn't vulnerable to hackers.

   

          

  

     

Q. How do I keep my security software up to date.

 

A. Use security software that updates automatically

 

Keep your security software active and current: at a minimum, your computer

 

should have anti-virus and anti-spyware software, and a firewall. You can buy

 

stand-alone programs for each element or a security suite that includes these

 

programs from a variety of sources, including commercial vendors or from your

 

Internet Service Provider. Security software that comes pre-installed on a

 

computer generally works for a short time unless you pay a subscription fee to

 

keep it in effect. In any case, security software protects against the newest threats

 

only if it is up-to-date. That's why it is critical to set your security software to update

 

automatically.Some scam artists distribute malware disguised as anti-spyware

 

software. Resist buying software in response to unexpected pop-up messages or

 

emails, especially ads that claim to have scanned your computer and detected

 

malware. That's a tactic scammers have used to spread malware. OnGuardOnline.gov

 

can connect you to a list of security tools from legitimate security vendors selected by

 

GetNetWise, a project of the Internet Education Foundation.Once you confirm that

 

your security software is up-to-date, run it to scan your computer for viruses and

 

spyware. If the program identifies a file as a problem, delete it.

 

 

Anti-Virus Software  Anti-virus software protects your computer from viruses

 

that can destroy your data, slow your computer's performance, cause a crash, or

 

even allow spammers to send email through your account. It works by scanning

 

your computer and your incoming email for viruses, and then deleting them.

   

Anti-Spyware Software  Installed on your computer without your consent, spyware

 

software monitors or controls your computer use. It may be used to send you pop-up

 

ads, redirect your computer to websites, monitor your Internet surfing, or record your

 

keystrokes, which, in turn, could lead to the theft of your personal information.

 

A computer may be infected with spyware if it:

   

                               Slows down, malfunctions, or displays repeated error messages

 

                               Won't shut down or restart

 

                               Serves up a lot of pop-up ads, or displays them when you're not surfing the web

 

                               Displays web pages or programs you didn't intend to use, or sends emails you didn't write.

 

Firewalls  A firewall helps keep hackers from using your computer to send out

 

your personal information without your permission. While anti-virus software scans

 

incoming email and files, a firewall is like a guard, watching for outside attempts to

 

access your system and blocking communications to and from sources you don't permit.

 

Don't Let Your Computer Become Part of a "BotNet"  Some spammers

 

search the Internet for unprotected computers they can control and use anony-

 

mously to send spam, turning them into a robot network, known as a "botnet." Also

  

known as a "zombie army," a botnet is made up of many thousands of home

 

computers sending emails by the millions. Most spam is sent remotely this way;

 

millions of home computers are part of botnets.Spammers scan the Internet to find

 

computers that aren't protected by security software, and then install bad software –

 

known as "malware" – through those "open doors." That's one reason why up-to-date

 

security software is critical.Malware may be hidden in free software applications. It

 

can be appealing to download free software like games, file-sharing programs,

  

customized toolbars, and the like. But sometimes just visiting a website or down-

  

loading files may cause a "drive-by download," which could turn your computer

  

into a "bot."

   

Another way spammers take over your computer is by sending you an email with

  

attachments, links or images which, if you click on or open them, install hidden

  

software. Be cautious about opening any attachments or downloading files from

  

emails you receive. Don't open an email attachment — even if it looks like it's from

  

a friend or coworker — unless you are expecting it or know what it contains. If you

  

send an email with an attached file, include a text message explaining what it is.

       

 

test

   
Q. What do I do in an emergency?
 
A.   Here is what to do in an e-mergency 
 
If you suspect malware is lurking on your computer, stop shopping, banking, and other online
activities that involve user names, passwords, or other sensitive information. Malware could
be sending your personal information to identity thieves.
 
                         - Confirm that your security software is up-to-date, then use it to
                           scan your computer.
 
                         - Delete everything the program identifies as a problem.
 
                         - You may have to restart your computer for the changes to take effect.
 
                         - If the problem persists after you exhaust your ability to diagnose and treat it, you
                           might want to call for professional help.
 
                         - If your computer is covered by a warranty that offers free tech support, contact
                           the manufacturer.
 
                         - Before you call, write down the model and serial number of your computer, the
                           name of any software you've installed, and a short description of the problem.
 
                         - Your notes will help you give an accurate description to the technician.
 
                         - If you need professional help, if your machine isn't covered by a warranty, or if
                           your security software isn't doing the job properly, you may need to pay for
                           technical support.
 
                         - Many companies — including some affiliated with retail stores — offer tech
                           support via the phone, online, at their store, or in your home.
 
                         - Telephone or online help generally are the least expensive ways to access
                           support services — especially if there's a toll-free helpline — but you may
                           have to do some of the work yourself.
 
                         - Taking your computer to a store usually is less expensive than hiring a technician
                           or repair person to come into your home.
 
                         - Once your computer is back up and running, think about how
                           malware could have been downloaded to your machine, and what
                           you could do to avoid it in the future.
 
                         - Also, talk about safe computing with anyone else who uses the computer.  

GoToMyPC - Access Your Mac® or PC from Anywhere

   
Q. Where do I report Hacking or Malware activity?
 
A. Here is where to report:
 
 
Hacking or a Computer Virus  Alert the appropriate authorities by contacting:  
                             Your ISP and the hacker's ISP (if you can tell what it is). You can
usually find an ISP's email address on its website. Include information on the
incident from your firewall's log file. By alerting the ISP to the problem on its system,
you can help it prevent similar problems in the future. The FBI at www.ic3.gov. To
fight computer criminals, they need to hear from you.
 
Internet Fraud  If a scammer takes advantage of you through an Internet auction,
when you're shopping online, or in any other way, report it to the Federal Trade
Commission, at ftc.gov. The FTC enters Internet, identity theft, and other fraud-related
complaints into Consumer Sentinel, a secure, online database available to hundreds
of civil and criminal law enforcement agencies in the U.S. and abroad.
 
Deceptive Spam  If you get deceptive spam, including email phishing for your
information, forward it to spam@uce.gov. Be sure to include the full header of the
email, including all routing information. You also may report phishing email to
reportphishing@antiphishing.org. The Anti-Phishing Working Group, a consortium
of ISPs, security vendors, financial institutions and law enforcement agencies,
uses these reports to fight phishing.
 
Divulged Personal Information  If you believe you have mistakenly given your
personal information to a fraudster, file a complaint at ftc.gov, and then visit the
Federal Trade Commission's Identity Theft website at ftc.gov/idtheft to learn how
to minimize your risk of damage from a potential theft of your identity.
 
Parents  Parents sometimes can feel outpaced by their technologically savvy
kids. Technology aside, there are lessons that parents can teach to help kids
stay safer as they socialize online. Most ISPs provide parental controls, or you
can buy separate software. But no software can substitute for parental supervision.
Talk to your kids about safe computing practices, as well as the things they're
seeing and doing online.
 
Social Networking Sites  Many adults, teens, and tweens use social networking
sites to exchange information about themselves, share pictures and videos, and
use blogs and private messaging to communicate with friends, others who share
interests, and sometimes even the world-at-large. Here are some tips for parents
who want their kids to use these sites safely: 
 
                           Use privacy settings to restrict who can access and post on your
child's website. Some social networking sites have strong privacy settings. Show
your child how to use these settings to limit who can view their online profile, and
explain to them why this is important.
 
                           Encourage your child to think about the language used in a blog,
and to think before posting pictures and videos. Employers, college admissions
officers, team coaches, and teachers may view your child's postings. Even a kid's
screen name could make a difference. Encourage teens to think about the
impression that screen names could make.
 
                           Remind your kids that once they post information online, they can't
take it back. Even if they delete the information from a site, older versions may
exist on other people's computers and be circulated online.
 
                           Talk to your kids about bullying. Online bullying can take many forms,
from spreading rumors online and posting or forwarding private messages without
the sender's OK, to sending threatening messages. Tell your kids that the words
they type and the images they post can have real-world consequences. They can
make the target of the bullying feel bad, make the sender look bad — and, some-
times, can bring on punishment from the authorities. Encourage your kids to talk to
you if they feel targeted by a bully.
 
                           Talk to your kids about avoiding sex talk online. Recent research
shows that teens who don't talk about sex with strangers online are less likely to
come in contact with a predator.  
 
Tell your kids to trust their instincts if they have suspicions. If they feel threatened by
someone or uncomfortable because of something online, encourage them to tell you.
You can then help them report concerns to the police and to the social networking
site. Most sites have links where users can immediately report abusive, suspicious,
or inappropriate activity. 

 

   

Q. What is the best way to keep malware out. 

 

A. Try to minimize the threat.

 

Minimizing the Effects of Malware on Your Computer
 
Malware is short for “malicious software;” it includes viruses — programs that copy
themselves without your permission — and spyware, programs installed without
your consent to monitor or control your computer activity. Criminals are hard at work
thinking up creative ways to get malware on your computer. They create appealing
web sites, desirable downloads, and compelling stories to lure you to links that will
download malware, especially on computers that don’t use adequate security
software. Then, they use the malware to steal personal information, send spam,
and commit fraud.It doesn’t have to be that way. So says a website with tips from
the federal government and the technology industry that is helping consumers be on
guard against Internet fraud, secure their computers, and protect their personal
information. Indeed, OnGuardOnline.gov says consumers can minimize the havoc
malware can wreak, and reclaim their computers and their electronic information.
Computers may be infected with malware if they:
 
                                          -       slow down, malfunction, or display repeated error messages;
 
                                                                                     -       wont shut down or restart;
 
                                          -       serve up a lot of pop-up ads, or display them when youre not surfing the web;
                                               or
 
                                          -       display web pages or programs you didnt intend to use, or send emails you
                                               didnt write. 
 
If you suspect malware is on your computer 
 
If you suspect malware is lurking on your computer, stop shopping, banking, and
other online activities that involve user names, passwords, or other sensitive inform-
ation. Malware on your computer could be sending your personal information to
identity thieves.

Then, confirm that your security software is active and current: at a minimum, your
computer should have anti-virus and anti-spyware software, and a firewall. You can
buy stand-alone programs for each element or a security suite that includes these
programs from a variety of sources, including commercial vendors or from your
Internet Service Provider. Security software that comes pre-installed on a computer
generally works for a short time unless you pay a subscription fee to keep it in effect.
In any case, security software protects against the newest threats only if it is up-to-
date. Thats why it is critical to set your security software and operating system (like
Windows or Apples OS) to update automatically.
 
Some scam artists distribute malware disguised as anti-spyware software. Resist
buying software in response to unexpected pop-up messages or emails, especially
ads that claim to have scanned your computer and detected malware. Thats a tactic
scammers have used to spread malware, and that has attracted the attention of the
Federal Trade Commission, the nations consumer protection agency, as well as a
number of state law enforcement agencies. Visit OnGuardOnline.gov to find a list of
security tools from legitimate security vendors selected by GetNetWise, a project of
the Internet Education Foundation.
 
Once you confirm that your security software is up-to-date, run it to scan your compu-
ter for viruses and spyware. Delete everything the program identifies as a problem.
You may have to restart your computer for the changes to take effect.If you suspect
that your computer still is infected, you may want to run a second anti-spyware or
anti-virus program. Some computer security experts recommend installing one
program for real-time protection, and another for periodic scans of your machine as
a way to stop malware that might have slipped past the first program.
 
Finally, if the problem persists after you exhaust your own ability to diagnose and
treat it, you might want to call for professional help. If your computer is covered by a
warranty that offers free tech support, contact the manufacturer. Before you call,
write down the model and serial number of your computer, the name of any software
you’ve installed, and a short description of the problem. Your notes will help you give
an accurate description to the technician.If you need professional help, if your
machine isn’t covered by a warranty, or if your security software isn’t doing the job
properly, you may need to pay for technical support. Many companies — including
some affiliated with retail stores — offer tech support via the phone, online, at their
store, or in your home. Telephone or online help generally are the least expensive
ways to access support services — especially if there’s a toll-free helpline — but you
may have to do some of the work yourself. Taking your computer to a store usually is
less expensive than hiring a technician or repair person to come into your home.
 
Once your computer is back up and running, think about how malware could have
been downloaded to your machine, and what you could do to avoid it in the future. If
your security software or operating system was out-of-date, download the newest
version and set it to update automatically. Use the opportunity to back up important
files by copying them onto a removable disc. Other ways to minimize the chances
of a malware download in the future:
 
                                                      -       Don’t click on a link in an email or open an attachment unless you
                                                           know who sent it and what it is. Links in email can send you to sites
                                                           that automatically download malware to your machine. Opening
                                                           attachments — even those that appear to come from a friend or
                                                           co-worker — also can install malware on your computer.
 
                                                      -       Download and install software only from websites you know and trust.
                                                           Downloading free games, file-sharing programs, and customized
                                                           toolbars may sound appealing, but free software can come with
                                                           malware.
 
                                                      -       Talk about safe computing. Tell your kids that some online activity can
                                                           put a computer at risk: clicking on pop-ups, downloading free games or
                                                           programs, or posting personal information.
 
Finally, monitor your computer for unusual behavior. If you suspect your machine
has been exposed to malware, take action immediately. Report problems with
malware to your ISP so it can try to prevent similar problems and alert other
subscribers, as well as to the FTC (www.ftc.gov).
         

    

 

       

Q. What Should Parents know about Social Networking Sites? 
        
A.   Social Networking Sites
         
"It's 10 p.m. Do you know where your children are?
"Remember that phrase from your own childhood? It's still a valid question, but now, it comes with a twist:
 "Do you know where your kids are — and who they're chatting with online?
"Social networking sites have morphed into a mainstream medium for teens and adults. These sites
encourage and enable people to exchange information about themselves, share pictures and videos,
and use blogs and private messaging to communicate with friends, others who share interests, and
sometimes even the world-at-large. And that's why it's important to be aware of the possible pitfalls that
come with networking online.
Some social networking sites attract pre-teens – even kids as young as 5 or 6. These younger-focused
sites don't allow the same kinds of communication that teens and adults have, but there are still things
that parents can do to help young kids socialize safely online. In fact, when it comes to young kids, the
law provides some protections – and gives parents some control over the type of information that
children can disclose online. For sites directed to children under age 13, and for general audience sites
that know they're dealing with kids younger than 13, there's the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act
(COPPA). It requires these sites to get parental consent before they collect, maintain, or use kids'
Information. COPPA also allows parents to review their child's online profiles and blog pages.
Parents sometimes can feel outpaced by their technologically savvy kids. Technology aside, there are
lessons that parents can teach to help kids stay safer as they socialize online.
Help Kids Socialize Safely OnlineOnGuard Online shares these tips for safe social networking:                              
                      Help your kids understand what information should be private. Tell them why it's important to
                      keep some things – about themselves, family members and friends – to themselves.
                      Information like their full name, Social Security number, street address, phone number, and
                      family financial information — like bank or credit card Account numbers — is private and
                      should stay that way. Tell them not to choose a screen name that gives away too much
                      personal information.   
                      Use privacy settings to restrict who can access and post on your child's website. Some
                      social networking sites have strong privacy settings.
                      Show your child how to use these settings to limit who can view their online profile, and
                      explain to them why this is important. 
                      Explain that kids should post only information that you — and they — are comfortable
                      with others seeing. Even If privacy settings are turned on, some — or even all — of your
                      child's profile may be seen by a broader audience Than you're comfortable with.
                      Encourage your child to think about the language used in a blog, and to think before               
                      Posting pictures and videos. Employers, college admissions officers, team coaches,
                      and teachers may view your child's postings.
                      Even a kid's screen name could make a difference. Encourage teens to think about the
                      impression that screen names could make.    
                      Remind your kids that once they post information online, they can't take it back.
                      Even if they delete the Information from a site, older versions may exist on other
                      people's computers and be circulated online. 
                      Know how your kids are getting online. More and more, kids are accessing the Internet
                      through their cell phones.
                      Find out about what limits you can place on your child's cell phone. Some cellular
                      companies have plans that limit downloads, Internet access, and texting; other plans
                      allow kids to use those features only at certain times of day. 
                      Talk to your kids about bullying. Online bullying can take many forms, from spreading
                      rumors online and posting or forwarding private messages without the sender's OK, to
                      sending threatening messages. Tell your kids that the words they type and the images
                      they post can have real-world consequences. They can make the target of the
                      bullying feel bad, make the sender look bad – and, sometimes, can bring on
                      punishment from the authorities. 
                      Encourage your kids to talk to you if they feel targeted by a bully.                  
                      Talk to your kids about avoiding sex talk online. Recent research shows that teens who
                      don't talk about sex with strangers online are less likely to come in contact with a
                      predator.If you're concerned that your child is engaging in risky online behavior, you can
                      search the blog sites they visit to see whatinformation they're posting. Try searching
                      by their name, nickname, school, hobbies, grade, or area where you live.         
                      Tell your kids to trust their gut if they have suspicions. If they feel threatened by someone
                      or uncomfortable because of something online, encourage them to tell you. You can then
                      help them report concerns to the police and to the social networking site. Most sites have
                      links where users can immediately report abusive, suspicious, or inappropriate online
                      behavior.           
                      Read sites' privacy policies. Spend some time with a site's privacy policy, FAQs, and
                      parent sections to Understand its features and privacy controls. The site should spell out
                      your rights as a parent to review and delete your child's profile if your child is younger
                      than 13.
                      A Few More Tips to Protect Pre-TeensMany of the tips above apply for pre-teens, but
                      parents of younger children also can:   
                                 Take extra steps to protect younger kids. Keep the computer in an open area like the
                                 kitchen or family room, so you can keep an eye on what your kids are doing online.
                                 Use the Internet with them to help develop safe surfing habits.                
                                 Consider taking advantage of parental control features on some operating systems
                                 that let you manage your kids' computer use, including what sites they can visit,
                                 whether they can download items, or what time of day they can be online.
                                 Go where your kids go online. Sign up for – and use – the social networking spaces
                                 that your kids visit. Let them know that you're there, and help teach them how to act
                                 as they socialize online.           
                                 Review your child's friends list. You may want to limit your child's online “friends” to
                                 people your child actually knows and is friendly with in real life. 
                                 Understand sites' privacy policies. Sites should spell out your rights as a parent to
                                 review and delete your child's profile if your child is younger than 13.
For More InformationTo learn more about staying safe online, visit the websites of the following organizations: Federal Trade Commission — www.OnGuardOnline.gov
The FTC works for the consumer to prevent fraudulent, deceptive, and unfair business practices in the marketplace and toprovide information to help consumers spot, stop, and avoid them. To file a complaint or to get free information onconsumer issues, visit ftc.gov or call toll-free, 1-877-FTC-HELP (1-877-382-4357); TTY: 1-866-653-4261.The FTC manages OnGuardOnline.gov, which provides practical tips from the federal government and the technologyindustry to help you be on guard against Internet fraud, secure your computer, and protect your personal information. ConnectSafely — www.connectsafely.org
ConnectSafely is a forum for parents, teens, educators, and advocates designed to give teens and parents a voice in thepublic discussion about youth online safety, and has tips, as well as other resources, for safe blogging and socialnetworking. Along with NetFamilyNews.org, it is a project of the non- profit Tech Parenting Group. Cyberbully411 — www.cyberbully411.org
Cyberbully411 provides resources and opportunities for discussion and sharing for youth - and their parents - who havequestions about or may have been targeted by online harassment. The website was created by the non-profit Internet Solutions for Kids, Inc., with funding from the Community Technology Foundation of California. GetNetWise — www.getnetwise.org
GetNetWise is a public service sponsored by Internet industry corporations and public interest organizations to helpensure that Internet users have safe, constructive, and educational or entertaining online experiences. The GetNetWise coalition works to provide Internet users with the resources they need to make informed decisions about their and theirfamily's use of the Internet.
Internet Keep Safe Coalition — www.iKeepSafe.org
iKeepSafe.org is a coalition of 49 governors/first spouses, law enforcement, the American Medical Association, the American Academy of Pediatrics, and other associations dedicated to helping parents, educators, and caregivers byproviding tools and guidelines to promote safe Internet and technology use among children.
National Center for Missing and Exploited Children — www.missingkids.com; www.netsmartz.org
NCMEC is a private, non-profit organization that helps prevent child abduction and sexual exploitation; helps find missingchildren; and assists victims of child abduction and sexual exploitation, their families, and the professionals who serve them. staysafe — www.staysafe.org
staysafe.org is an educational site intended to help consumers understand both the positive aspects of the Internet aswell as how to manage a variety of safety and security issues that exist online.
Wired Safety — www.wiredsafety.org
WiredSafety.org is an Internet safety and help group. WiredSafety.org provides education, assistance, and awareness on cybercrime and abuse, privacy, security, and responsible technology use. It is also the parent group of Teenangels.org, FBI-trained teens and preteens who promote Internet safety. See also: Social Networking Sites: Safety Tips for Tweens and Teens
What to Do if There's a ProblemTrust your gut if you have suspicions. If you feel threatened by someone or uncomfortable because of something online,Tell an adult you trust, and report it to the police and the social networking site.The Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) requires websites to obtain parental consent before collecting, using,or disclosing personal information from children under age 13.
If a website is violating COPPA, report it to the Federal Trade Commission.  

 

Q. What are Nigerian con-men or internet scams?
                       
A. Phony Lotteries, Nigerian 419s, Advanced Fee Fraud, and Scams
               
While you're online:  Know who you're dealing with.
In any electronic transaction, independently confirm the other party's name, street address, and telephone number.
Resist the urge to enter foreign lotteries. These solicitations are phony and illegal.
     
Delete requests that claim to be from foreign nationals asking you to help transfer their money through your bank account. They're fraudulent.
Ignore unsolicited emails that request your money, credit card or account numbers, or other personal information.
            
If you are selling something over the Internet, don't accept a potential buyer's offer to send you a check for more than the purchase price, no matter how tempting the plea or convincing the story. End the transaction immediately if someone insists that you wire back funds.The Internet gives buyers access to a world of goods and services, and gives sellers access to a world of customers. Unfortunately, the Internet also gives con artists the very same access. But being on guard online can help you maximize the global benefits of electronic commerce and minimize your chance of being defrauded. OnGuard Online wants you to know how to spot some cross-border scams — including foreign lotteries, money offers, and check overpayment schemes — and report them to the appropriate authorities.
                  
Foreign Lotteries
             
For years, scam operators have used the telephone and direct mail to entice U.S. consumers into buying chances in supposedly high-stakes foreign lotteries. Now they're using email, too — either to sell tickets or suggest that a large cash prize has your name on it. No matter what country's name is used to promote a lottery, the pitch follows a pattern: you should send money to pay for taxes, insurance, or processing or customs fees. The amount may seem small at first, but as long as you keep paying, the requests for funds will keep coming — for higher and higher amounts. Some victims have lost thousands of dollars.Most scam operators never buy the lottery tickets on your behalf. Others buy some tickets, but keep the "winnings" for themselves. In any case, lottery hustlers generally try to get you to share your bank account or credit card numbers, so they can make unauthorized withdrawals.If you're thinking about responding to a foreign lottery, OnGuard Online wants you to remember:
Playing a foreign lottery is against the law.
                 
There are no secret systems for winning foreign lotteries. Your chances of getting any money back are slim to none.
If you buy even one foreign lottery ticket, you can expect many more bogus offers for lottery or investment "opportunities." Your name will be placed on "sucker lists" that fraudsters buy and sell.
            
Keep your credit card and bank account numbers to yourself. Scam artists often ask for them during an unsolicited sales pitch. Once they get your account numbers, they may use them to commit identity theft.Resist solicitations for foreign lottery promotions. Report them to the appropriate government officials, then hit delete.View a sample fraudulent foreign lottery solicitation.
                
"Nigerian" Foreign Money Offers
            
The "Nigerian" scam got its name from emails that supposedly came from Nigerian "officials" who needed your help getting at their money — which was tied up due to strife in their country. Today, people claiming to be officials, businesspeople, or the surviving relatives of former government honchos in countries around the world send countless offers via email to transfer thousands of dollars into your bank account if you will just pay a fee or "taxes" to help them access their money. If you respond to the initial offer, you may receive documents that look "official." But then, you will get more email asking you to send more money to cover transaction and transfer costs, attorney's fees, blank letterhead, and your bank account numbers, among other information. Subsequent emails will encourage you to travel to another country to complete the transaction. Some fraudsters have even produced trunks of dyed or stamped money to verify their claims.The emails are from crooks trying to steal your money or commit identity theft. Victims of this scam report that emergencies arise that require more money and delay the "transfer" of funds; in the end, you lose your money, and the scam artist vanishes. According to the U.S. State Department, people who have responded to these solicitations have been beaten, subjected to threats and extortion, and in some cases, murdered.If you receive an email from someone claiming to need your help getting money out of another country, don't respond. After all, why would a stranger from another country pick you out at random to share thousands of dollars? Report the solicitation to the appropriate government officials, and then hit delete.View a sample fraudulent foreign money offer.
           
Check Overpayment Schemes
              
Say no to a check for more than your selling price, no matter how tempting the plea or convincing the story. Check overpayment schemes generally target people who have posted an item for sale online. The con artist, posing as a potential buyer from a foreign country (or a distant part of the U.S.), emails the seller and offers to buy the item with a cashier's check, money order, personal check, or corporate check. Or the scammer may pretend to be a business owner from a foreign country, needing "financial agents" to process payments for their U.S. orders; in exchange, they promise a commission.Regardless of the cover, here's what happens: The scammer sends you a check that looks authentic — complete with watermarks — made payable for more money than you expected. They ask you to deposit it in your bank account, and then wire-transfer some portion of the funds to a foreign account. They provide convincing reasons why the check is for more than the necessary amount, and why the funds must be transferred quickly. Sometimes, the counterfeit checks fool a bank teller, but be aware that the check still can bounce. The scammer vanishes with the money you wired from your own account and you are on the hook for the entire amount of the worthless check. In addition, a scammer who has your bank account number is likely to use it to withdraw more money from your account.
           
Reporting a Cross-Border Scam
        
If you think you may have responded to a cross-border scam, file a complaint at www.econsumer.gov, a project of 20 countries of the International Consumer Protection and Enforcement Network. Then visit the FTC's identity theft website at www.ftc.gov/idtheft. While you can't completely control whether you will become a victim of identity theft, you can take some steps to minimize your risk.If you've responded to a "Nigerian" scheme, contact your local Secret Service field office using contact information from the Blue Pages of your telephone directory, or from www.secretservice.gov/field_offices.shtml.In addition, report telemarketing fraud and check overpayment scams to your state Attorney General, using contact information at www.naag.org.Report unsolicited email offers to spam@uce.gov — including offers inviting you to participate in a foreign lottery, looking for help getting money out of a foreign country, or asking you to wire back extra funds from a check you received.If you receive what looks like lottery material from a foreign country through the postal mail, give it to your local postmaster.
          
For More InformationForeign Lottery Scams
               
U.S. Federal Trade Commission — The FTC works for the consumer to prevent fraudulent, deceptive, and unfair business practices in the marketplace and to provide information to help consumers spot, stop, and avoid them. To file a complaint or to get free information on consumer issues, visit www.ftc.gov or call toll-free, 1-877-FTC-HELP (1-877-382-4357); TTY: 1-866-653-4261. The FTC enters Internet, telemarketing, identity theft, and other fraud-related complaints into Consumer Sentinel, a secure, online database available to hundreds of civil and criminal law enforcement agencies in the U.S. and abroad.Competition Bureau in Canada — The Competition Bureau is an independent law enforcement agency in Canada that investigates anti-competitive practices and promotes compliance with the laws under its jurisdiction. To file a complaint or to get free information, visit www.competitionbureau.gc.ca or call toll-free, 1-800-348-5358. The Bureau has the ability to refer criminal matters to the Attorney General of Canada, who then decides whether to prosecute before the courts.United Kingdom's Office of Fair Trading — The United Kingdom's Office of Fair Trading is responsible for making markets work well for consumers. They protect and promote consumer interests throughout the United Kingdom, while ensuring that businesses are fair and competitive. To file a complaint or to get free information, visit www.oft.gov.uk or send an email to enquiries@oft.gsi.gov.uk.Australian Competition and Consumer Commission — The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission encourages vigorous competition in the marketplace and enforces consumer protection and fair trading laws. To file a complaint or to get more information, visit www.accc.gov.au. The ACCC advocates consultation and negotiation as the first and best option to settle disputes, but once the ACCC pursues legal action any sort of mediation becomes less likely.
          
"Nigerian" Advance-Fee Scams
               
U.S. Secret Service — The Secret Service investigates violations of laws relating to financial crimes, including access device fraud, financial institution fraud, identity theft, and computer fraud. To file a complaint or to get free information, visit www.secretservice.gov or call 202-406-5708.U.S. Department of State — The Department of State's mission is to create a more secure, democratic, and prosperous world for the benefit of the American people and the international community. As part of that mission, the Department of State seeks to minimize the impact of international crime, including cross-border internet scams, on the United States and its citizens. To get free information, visit www.state.gov.
                

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Q. What should I do prior to disposing of an old computer?
                  
A. Computer Disposal
           
Once you have a “clean” computer, consider recycling, donating, or reselling it – and keep the environment in mind when
disposing of your computer.If you want to get rid of your old computer, options include recycling, reselling, and donating.
But before you log off for thelast time, there are important things to do to prepare it for disposal. Computers often hold
personal and financial information, including passwords, account numbers, license keys or registration numbers for software
programs, addresses and phone numbers, medical and prescription information, tax returns, and other personal documents.
Before getting rid of your old computer, it’s a good idea to use software to “wipe”the hard drive clean. If you don’t, consider
your old hard drive a 21st century treasure chest for identity thieves and information pirates. The Federal Trade Commission
(FTC), the nation’s consumer protection agency, says you can deter identity theft and information piracy by taking a few
preventive steps.
    
Understanding Hard Drives
          
A computer’s hard drive stores data, and maintains an index of files. When you save a file, especially a large one, it is
scattered around the hard drive in bits and pieces. Files also are automatically created by browsers and operating
systems. When you open a file, the hard drive checks the index, then gathers the bits and pieces and reconstructs them.
When you delete a file, the links between the index and the file disappear, signaling to your system that the file isn’t needed
any longer and that hard drive space can be overwritten. But the bits and pieces of the deleted file stay on your computer
until they’re overwritten, and they can be retrieved with a data recovery program. To remove data from your hard drive
permanently, it needs to be wiped clean.
                
Cleaning Hard Dives
            
Before you clean your hard drive, save the files that are important to you on an external storage device – for example,
a USB drive, a CDRom, or an external hard drive – or transfer them to a new computer. Check your owner’s manual, the
manufacturer’s website, or its customer support line for information on how to save data and transfer it to a new
computer. Utility programs to wipe your hard drive are available both online and in stores where computers are sold.
They’re generally inexpensive; some are available on the Internet for free. Wipe utility programs vary in their capabilities:
some erase the entire disk, while others allow you to select files or folders to erase. They also vary in their effectiveness:
programs that overwrite or wipe the hard drive many times are very effective; those that overwrite or wipe the drive only once
may not prevent information being wiped from being recovered later. If your old computer contains sensitive information
that would be valuable to an identity thief, consider using a program that overwrites or wipes the hard drive many times. Or,
remove the hard drive, and physically destroy it. One more thing to keep in mind: If you use your home or personal computer
for business purposes, check with your employer about how to manage information on your computer that’s business-related.
The law requires businesses to follow data security and disposal requirements for certain information that’s related to
customers.
                  
Disposal Options
          
               Once you have a “clean” computer, here’s how to dispose of it:
   
                               Recycle it. Many computer manufacturers have programs to recycle computers and components. Check their
                               websites or call their toll-free numbers for more information. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has
                               information on electronic product recycling programs at
                               www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/recycle/ecycling/donate.htm. Your local community may have a recycling
                               program. Check with your county or local government, including the local landfill office for regulations.
 
                               Donate it. Many organizations collect old computers and donate them to charities.
       
                               Resell it. Some people and organizations buy old computers.
               
Check online. Keep the environment in mind when disposing of your computer.
Most computer equipment contains hazardous materialsthat don’t belong in a landfill.
For example, many computers have heavy metals that can contaminate the earth.
The EPA recommends that you check with your local health and sanitation agencies for ways to dispose
of electronics safely.  

 

 

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